How Does Baxandall Indicate The Product Essay - 655 Words

Art history Name Professor Course Date How does Baxandall indicate the production of painting changed as the Renaissance developed? How did the conception of the artist evolve during the period of the Renaissance? Baxandall describes the fifteenth century as a century where clients would order what they needed instead of purchasing the already made products (Michael 2). He continues to describe how this affected the production of painting. The less known or recognized artist would have to produce readymade arts in order to attract clients. However, the already established artists would wait for clients to make the specific orders that they required. Baxandall argues that the production of painting was hence influenced by the clients†¦show more content†¦Michelangelo is viewed as a person who is unlikely to complete any commissions. He is described as a character that has difficulties when it comes to relationship and love to engage in sexual relationship with the male counterparts (Michelangelo Leonardo, 29). His character is tortured and shows the emotional burden associated with being different from the rest of the society or having genius creativity. The unique personality of the character is always celebrated but the society always views the person as an outsider. Leonardo’s character is portrayed in similar manner. He is a genius whose ability in painting, mathematics and engineering earn him a good reputation in the society. Like Michelangelo, he is also a bisexual and an opium addict. Despite his genius nature, the society views his superhuman abilities as strange and therefore sees Leonardo as an outsider (Michelangelo Leonardo, 30). The master Is viewed as a metaphor because the artists are viewed as genius and superhuman who are capable to adapt to the modern and innovative society but they are filled with doubts and struggle in their daily lives. Can you think of a contemporary celebrity or other public figure that conforms to the biographical template for the â€Å"great artist† advanced by Donahue? Sheldon’s character in the Big Bang Theory is quite that of a public figure (Beahm 20). As per his character traits, he also proves to be a great artist. His work inShow MoreRelatedJean Hey’s Annunciation Essay examples2174 Words   |  9 Pagesphysical and emotional, while creating a more ideal finished product, something that was as significant in presence as the natural world itself. Much progress was made in these campaigns during the Early Renaissance, and the emergence of the High Renaissance was characterized by the true mastery of the method of creating mankind’s body and emotions[1], and an artwork as balanced as nature itself. Jean Hey’s â€Å"The Annunciation† demonstrates the product of this final Renaissance transition. One

Clash and Similarities Between Judaism, Christianity and...

The three main religions in the world often clash and argue, the reason for this being that they all believe in one thing very strongly and will not let their beliefs be shaken. These three religions are, Islam, Christianity and Judaism. They do on some level get along enough to have some sort of relationship. Although we know a lot about all of these religions we must know how they differ and how they relate to understand the religions. Islam is a religion that originated from the prophet Muhammad. He is the one that wrote the holy book for the religion. The holy book that the Islamic follow is called the quran, most of the people in this religion do not follow the book word for word with actions. For those people that do they are called fundamentalists, they take the quran literal and play out the actions directly as they are written in the holy book. The symbol that represents the Islamic people is a crescent it looks like a half moon, this represents them because, the people that chose this so long ago wanted it to be chosen from space. The womans role is the Islamic religion is that of having kids and being married. The women of Islam are given little to no freedom as men dominate this religion. They are to always be covered and have only one husband as the men can have as many wives as they please. Some of the holy days for this religion consists of Eid al-Adha, Eid al-Fitr, and, Arafat Day. This is the secon d largest religion in the world after Christianity andShow MoreRelatedTaking a Look at Islam and Judaims777 Words   |  3 PagesIntroduction Apart from Christianity, Islam and Judaism are two of the most influential religions in the world, particularly in the Middle East. Although Judaism is not as large as Islam, it has impacted on the world in a profound manner. While it’s quite evident that both Islam and Judaism appear to be having conflicting differences in terms of their doctrines, they are both know as Abrahamic religions because they share a common origin in the Middle East through Abraham in the Hebrew Bible. NeverthelessRead MoreChristianity, Judaism, and Islam Paper2281 Words   |  10 PagesChristianity, Judaism, and Islam Christianity started out in Palestine as a fellowship; it moved to Greece and became a philosophy; it moved to Italy and became an institution; it moved to Europe and became a culture; it came to America and became an enterprise as stated by theological scholar Sam Pascoe. Throughout Christianity’s journey they have come across ties with the religions Judaism and Islam. There are few similarities between the three major religions. One similarity is that AbrahamRead MoreSimilarities between Beliefs and Philosophies from the World1637 Words   |  7 Pagestopic which suits me the most. Clash of ideologies can also cause riots of different beliefs and philosophies. This mostly happens in when a person is fanatic and does not accept the point of view of another person. Clash of different ideologies cause riots in different communities which can lead to various problems, even bloodshed. I majorly focus on the similarities between beliefs and philosophies which may ‘unite ’ ideas and create a mutual understanding between communities of different faithsRead MoreThe Differences Between Christianity And Christianity1567 Words   |  7 Pages Religions have broken off into independent faiths due to multiple differences in beliefs. When analyzing the beliefs of Islam, Judaism and Christianity the two main truths they have in common is one; there is one God, and two; the belief of a main prophetic figure that has come to spread Gods word. These similarities are important since they allow for a point of comparison in these three faiths. The figure of Muhammad in the Muslim faith is known to non-muslims as the founder of the islamic traditionRead MoreThe Clash of Secular Thought and Religion1647 Words   |  7 Pages There has been a clash between secular thought and religion since its formation of societies in the classical age. Both have made an equal effect on the culture of each empire by influencing people to change their belief on the world. M ajor religions have made interactions, which affected some of their ideas for what they have become now. The major religions during the classical age are Christianity, Judaism, Buddhism, Islam, Hinduism, Jainism, Daoism, and Zoroastrianism. These religions also haveRead MoreI Was Recently Watching A Video On Facebook Of A Woman1800 Words   |  8 Pagesgirl went to battle in defense of her beliefs, because a woman who clearly had never read a lick of Islamic teachings argued the brutality of the young girls people. After watching the video it occurred to me that many times when we think of the Islam culture and religion it is automatically equated with a negative image. I couldn’t help but think is this what the cause of this ban is? Is the Muslim ban just poor journalism and not understanding the Islamic culture? As I read through Aslan s chaptersRead MoreLiving Religions, By Mary Pat Fisher1904 Words   |  8 Pagesalso, comparative description of the major practices an d rituals that undergo in both the Abrahamic and indigenous religions. With the major religions constantly crashing together, the principles and customs of each religion seem to always build similarities each time you study them. This is what occurred to me when i began reading â€Å"Living religions† studying practices and rites. Beginning with the traditional indigenous groups - descendants of the original inhabitants of lands now controlled by largerRead MoreThe Aspect of Religion and Conflict2446 Words   |  10 Pagesones very being. This aspect of religion and conflict is discussed in this essay along with reasons through which conflict rose in the first place. Hinduism and Judaism have both faced interreligious conflicts over the years. We can derive examples of this from the clash between the four castes of the Hindu tradition as well as the clash between the Jews and the Greeks. This paper will aim to show how both these religions have tried to control these conflicts and how their efforts have resulted in changesRead MoreComparisons of Creation Myths Essay2092 Words   |  9 Pagescouple gods working together and all life sprouting from a seed. But all share a common themes, such as a form of chaos or nothingness before life is created. Joseph Campbell notes that â€Å"... the idea of an absolute ontological distinction between God and man – or between gods and men, divinity and nature - first became an important social and psychological force in the near East, specifically Akkad, in the period of the first Semetic Kings, c. 2500 B.C.,† showing another similar trait – a god or set ofRead MoreIs The Cause Really Wor th Fighting For?3566 Words   |  15 PagesNicole Kola Ms.Lagesse AP Eng. Annotated Bibliography 09/04/2015 Is the Cause Really Worth Fighting For? Over the centuries, fervent beliefs have caused many wars. Throughout history, differences between social propaganda have separated and formulated prejudiced ideas about different religions. All across the world, there are people, on all ranks of the social hierarchy, who are being deprived of their rights and are not being heard by their local governments, so they bear up arms and create subversive

Phishing is a Social Engineering

Question: What is the Phishing is a Social Engineering ? Answer : Introduction Phishing is a social engineering activity of luring internet users into using or clicking certain computer links in a site, emails or other web pages sites. The cybercriminal uses this means in order to obtain sensitive information of a target such as passwords, usernames, and credit cards numbers for malicious intentions by pretending to be entrusted entity. For instance, an attacker can perform an email phishing by sending an email that appears to be sent from one of the users bank. The attacker engages trustworthy of the victim by pretending to be that bank. The email may contain an information about some pending account in-activity that the users need to send sensitive details about his account for him to be activated. When the user sends the details, the attacker obtains the bank details and uses to access users bank account. Phishing Techniques Phishing attackers uses the following techniques to attack the victims using below phishing types: (Ramzan, 2010) Spear phishing This is phishing attempt always directed to the target victim where the victim can be an individual, organisation or a company. Attackers gathers sensitive or crucial information that will perfect the attention of the victims when sent to them. This technique is the most successful one. Clone phishing This type of phishing always takes advantage of sent emails that are sent to the recipients. Attackers take advantage of mails that contains attachment or links. The attackers obtains the same mails and edit them and create almost identical mails and send them to the earlier recipient address. The mail contains malicious content but the recipient wont realize whether that the mail has bad intention, they only think that the same sender may be sent an updated mail or sent another mail to counter any loss of delivery. Whaling This type of phishing targets senior executives and senior heads in an organisation or a business. The form or way used to attack takes an executive form in a way that it will capture senior managers or workers attention. The information sent may be in form of a customer complaint form that will lure in the senior manager to open the info or link hence sending sensitive information to the attacker without realisation. Link manipulation The phishers use mails or websites for their targets. They add links to the websites which hold sensitive business activities and embed misspelt urls that appears to be correct if the user is not very keen. The user may click the link and be redirected to an alike webpage comprising almost the same details / information. The user may end up providing login details without realising he has just sent the details to the attacker. Filter evasion Phishers started using images to evade anti-phishing filters where they hide the text behind the image. Although some techniques have been devised to detect phishing texts in images and even when the texts are rotated, the phishers continues to attack various victims of website and email users. Website forgery The phishers enters a website for spoofing. When they get into the site, they make use of JavaScript to lure users to activate some commands while in background they change the address bar without the user noticing. The user may end up being redirected to another web page but with same look like the earlier web page. The user may be prompted to login especially if the web page is a web application and the attacker wants to obtain login credentials of the victim. The attackers always attack sites like bank web application and at once PayPal was once attacked. Covert redirect This is a trick used by attackers that provide links that appear legitimate to the users. The links may be popups that requires users to login to their sensitive accounts while the attackers have used them to capture sensitive details. Phone phishing The attackers uses the voice phishing to attack the victims. The phishers can send a fake message containing sensitive information that will capture victims attention. The message may be framed to have come from a recognised organisation like a bank. Victim may be prompted to enter pin without realising that massage has a fake ID source. Therefore the attacker will obtain users sensitive details and use them for malicious activities. Phishing Success What makes the phishing to become more and more success is due to human nature which is tough to overcome. The phishers are taking advantage of human nature and post information that will always capture victim attention. For instance, the phishers can send a love bug or health advises that has key information to be ignored by the victim. While the technologists are increasingly devising control measures for anti-phishing, the phishers are becoming cleverer. They are using super phishers to hack and spoof information. They can hide the phishing links that goes un-noticed by phishing detectors. The main success of the attackers is how currently they can protect themselves from being noticed. Like earlier days where they could redirect victims using links to fake sites and prompt users to enter some details like the login credentials, currently the victim just clicks the links and activates a background rogue codes that exploit victim computer without user noticing. This may lead to installation of ransom ware into victims computers without victim consent. The phishers also take advantage of users unaware of the victims especially if the victims are not expecting phishers to have interests in their sensitive details. Tools used by phishers Phishers have variety of tools readily available to them that makes their attacks a success. These tools can be used to perform various functions like mail delivery, website spoofing and phishing malware embedment. These are the list of those tools used: Botnets Bots are programs that reside in a computer and provide remote controls through various protocols. When many bots are controlled from one control they make a botnet. Botnets are controlled in way that they can be used to cause an attack to certain computer targets. When a computer becomes a bot, it can be used to send a malicious mail, cause other web browsers users to be redirected into malicious web pages, install additional malware to itself, cause surveillance to other computers sensitive details and more other illicit activities. Bots can be redistributed through file sharing and mailings. Phishing kits The phishers have become more ready through use of readily available kits which contains set of equipment that can be used perform an attack. The kit contains set of ready bots, hosting domains that have assurance of not been closed off or detected (Roberts, 2004), list of servers which can be targeted and more so famous sites and organisation details that an attacker can use to attack. In current days, the developers of these kits dont sell them, in fact they spend time in advancing these bots and making newer versions of bots that can be downloaded by interested phishers for free (Sophos, 2000). The technology needed to perform an attack has been made readily available by the kit providers hence more attacks are continuing to happen Technical deceit As the internet users have become more aware of the detection of phishing codes and links, the attackers have engaged in more tricky ways of performing their attacks. They make counterfeit websites that cannot be noticed by the internet users while redirecting. Session hijack Phishers have been waiting for internet users to log in to web applications and become men in the middle. They capture ones IP address and fake Mac address and pretend to be the original owner of the authentication credentials. They do this until they capture all sensitive details that will help them perform a fraudulent attack without users prior knowledge since they forward the messaging signals to the server on behalf of the owner. They act as the first destination of senders signal and as the first receivers of servers signals been sent to the user. Abuse of Domain Name Service (DNS) Phishers have using the domain name service exploits where they pretend to be the said url name while the IP address of the address is fake. They do this to gain users trust without users prior knowledge. Phishing specialized malware Technologists have made bots that readily are available to the phishers. These malwares are designed for spying and illicit operations between the affected computers. The bots can be used for spying in a certain computers details and even send those details to the main control and obtain sensitive data for malicious gain. Organisation Concerns As the phishing has become more and more successful and affecting organization to negativity through spear phishing, the organizations are concerned more on how to counter the attackers. Spear phishing has been used to perform large cyber-attacks leading to large money loss in organizations. The spear phishing has impacted negatively to the affected organizations. For instance, most of those organization reported to have been attacked, they have experienced: Big money loss Decrease in stock sales For those two main losses, the attackers used malwares to obtain authentication details and obtained organisation sensitive information. The attackers have been using emails to counter victims trust. The attackers always targets the finance and IT staff who always hold sensitive details about money or authentication credentials for an organisation. The main negative impacts of phishing to an organisation are as follows: (Van der Merwe, 2005) Decreased employees productivity Financial losses Organisation reputation damage Decreased stock prices The organisation has used various technologies to prevent themselves from phishers. The techniques they use are: Secure email gateway Secure web pages gateway Url filtering Data leaking protection file solution sandboxing Current and Future Trends of Phishing Currently phishing is becoming more and more prone affecting many organization leading to losses. The phishers are cleverer than before. They have devised phishing techniques that cannot be easily noticed. The phishers have taken advantage of human nature in a way they easily afford human attention by gaining their trust. The phishers are forging sites and e-commerce accounts in a way that site users are hard to realise that the sites are spoofed. As the technology advances, the phishers are devising more and more tricky spams which are hard to be detected by anti-phishing software. The speed at which hackers are devising new phishing techniques is super-exceeding the technology used to make new phishing control measures. (APWG, 2004) The future of phishing is to hack many sites, banks and e-commerce sites without any complexity. This will lead to collapse of businesses if technologists dont speed up their techniques of devising control measures. Phishing has taken advantage of research survey where the internet users can be tricked to fill some phone or bank details so as to capture victim sensitive information. Other phishers are using trick games which always appear as a pop up where the victim is deceived to have won a gift but at the end the victim is issuing his authentication details pertaining a bank or other financial institution like the master cards. The following key points goes with the current trends in phishing: Social engineering components Phishers are using social engineering techniques to trick the internet users to click a link and activate malicious codes by finding vulnerabilities. The attackers embed the codes in emails and websites that are common to the users and which contains sensitive information especially details of banks and e-commerce. The phishers make the codes in a way that it is hard to be noticed by the victims. This codes when activated, they run in background of victims computer and performs spying activities which can capture users usernames and passwords in the browsers and emails. Common tools and infrastructure Phishers has been using common infrastructure to attack the internet users. They use websites, bot nets and mails to host phishing sites and malicious software. The big idea The main trend now is that the websites hosting companies are ensuring the clients websites have been configured with anti-phishing technologies to prevent phishers from spoofing. As well the law and the government should ensure that the criminals and hosting companies of phishing sites are taken into courts and be prosecuted for committing this kinds of crimes Phishing Control and Avoidance For phishing control in organisations, the staff should be warned, made aware, trained and be given reinforcing messages in day to day to counter attackers techniques. (Ramzan, 2010) Awareness and education Even though awareness is not enough, the web pages and other sites should be incorporated with anti-phishing programs that can detect phishing links and remove them immediately. In addition, the organization can filter phishing emails or web pages in a network before reaching to the staff. The best phishing defensive mechanism is: If any link is sent to your email and the link is requesting you to send your login credentials, ignore the mail as a spam. If the mail sent is suspected to be a scam, just read the mail between the lines and dont click any link in that mail. You can inspect the link by typing in into your browser and see what that link contains but dont click it in your email. Strong authentication practices Two factor authentication can be used to provide users with a hardware token that keep on changing after every logins. The attacker wont be able to use the credentials since the details keeps on changing. Virus, spyware and spam prevention Anti-malware have been implemented to prevent users against suspicious codes used by the phishers. These products are always enabled and updated to provide maximum protection. Targeting hosting sites The law can be used to suppress the hosting sites sending phishing mails or codes and hence be shut down. The practice should be done previously as the phishers keep on devising new hosting sites. Recommendation Though there has been techniques and measures used to counter phishing, the technology should be improved to counter the phishing to zero tolerance. The measures that can be recommended is: Continued awareness and education to the public and staff on issues pertaining the phishers and new techniques used by the phishers. The organisation should have a foresight of their sites or emails about an information that might be at risk. This helps to counter any vulnerability by the phishers to attack the sites. Conclusion Since phishing is profitable activities to the attackers, the phishers are becoming more and more intelligent in using technology for their profit gains. Organisation should involve themselves in creating awareness to their staff and public to counter the phishers. New and advanced technologies are been devised to keep off the phishers. Phishers can lead to an organisation collapse. References Ramzan, zulfikar. Phishing attacks and countermeasures. In stamp, Mark Stavroulakis, Peter. Handbook of information and communication Security. 2010, Springer ISBN 9783642041174 Van der Merwe, A.J, Loock, M, Dabrowski, M. (2005), Characteristics and Responsibilities involved in a Phishing Attack, Winter International involved in a Phishing Attack, Winter Symposium on Information and Communication Technologies, January 2005, Cape Town. Anti-Phishing Working Group. Phishing Activity Trends Report, March, 2017.https://www.antiphishing.org/APWG_Phishing_Activity_Report-March2017.pdf Anti-Phishing Working Group. Phishing Activity Trends Report, March 2017. Retrieved 3March 30, 2017 from https://antiphishing.org/APWG_Phishing_Activity_Report_April_2005.pdf McWilliams, Brian. Cloaking Device Made for Spammers. Retrieved March 30, 2017 from https://www.wired.com/news/business/0,1367,60747,00.html. Do-it-yourself phishing kits found on the internet, reveals Sophos. Retrieved March 30, 2017 from https://www.sophos.com/spaminfo/articles/diyphishing.html.

Social Stratification Essays - Social Classes, Social Inequality

Jenna Compton Reaction Paper Sociology 101 Social stratification is how we rank people in society according totheir wealth, education, occupation and income. I believe we are categorized into different classes such as upper class, middle class, upper middle class, lower middle class, and lower class. In my society we can achieve a status, by getting a degree or working hard to move up in a position. In my Life I see social stratification within my family. Firstly,there are two incomes in by family, my father and my mother thus putting us in a higher position or rank.Often I see friends who come from single parent households andthey don?t have as much as I do. I would consider my friend?s lower-middle class and I upper middle class. Secondly, my parent?s as individuals both have high income which is also a way to designate social stratification. My boyfriend has one parent and he is one outof four children which makes money tighter However, in my familythere are only two children whic h makes more money to go around. I also see indicationsof social stratification in education because it effects your occupation and income. I am lucky enough that my family has enough money to send me to college, yetthere are friendsof mine who are even luckier than me who can afford private schools such as, Harvard, being able to afford this most likely putsthem in a higher classthen me. I believethere to be positive correlation between education and money Peopleoften will notice membersof a higher social stratification seem to have similar behaviors. Higher social classes have higher standardsof living. I see this when people come into eat at my restaurant, people who are rich act differently thanthe people who are middle class. Social stratification is categorized into many different groups. Stratification isoften determined by income, wealth, occupation and education. In today?s society we can achieve status by putting efforts into a job or special schooling, such as college. Ev eryday people can view distinctions between upper, middle and, lower class.